CongoSky
Nutrition · Design study

Feeding people from South African commodities

The cheapest defensible design is not a literal Soylent clone. It is a locally produced, fully precooked maize–soya meal, fortified with a professionally manufactured micronutrient premix — the same architecture the CSIR reached decades ago, priced for an anti-poverty product.

This estate has a long thread on maize-porridge nutrition — from the apartheid-era CSIR National Nutrition Research Institute's PVM (protein–vitamin–mineral maize–soya food) and the ProNutro lineage, through today's FutureLife, to the UNICEF Super Cereal relief foods. This page turns that into three concrete designs — and is honest that the right move for babies is to separate "infant formula" from "baby porridge" entirely, and to hand real formula to a licensed manufacturer rather than publish a recipe.

The three products, in the order they should ship

1
Family meal — instant maize–soya complete food
Adults and children from ~3 years. Add water or milk; no cooking once the instant process is validated. Ship this first — it is the simplest, cheapest, and safest.
Ship first
2
Baby porridge — 6–59-month complementary food
UNICEF Super Cereal Plus architecture, with milk powder and a child premix. A complementary food beside breastfeeding — not a breast-milk substitute. Needs paediatric oversight.
Ship second
3
Infant formula (0–6 months) — a spec, not a recipe
Cannot safely be developed as an ordinary food recipe. Issue a Codex/R991 manufacturing specification to an established, licensed infant-formula contract manufacturer. Ship last.
Contract-manufacture

1 · Family meal: instant maize–soya complete food

Target group: adults and children from three years. Pilot formulation per 100 kg — whole commodities, no protein isolates, one professionally made premix:

IngredientkgPurpose
Fully precooked / extruded whole maize flour67.63Carbohydrate, texture, local staple
Dehulled, heat-treated full-fat soya flour24.00Protein, fat and lysine
Sugar4.00Palatability — far less than most breakfast cereals
Canola / sunflower oil blend2.00Energy and essential fats
Dicalcium or tricalcium phosphate1.20Calcium and phosphorus
Potassium chloride0.27Potassium
Custom vitamin / mineral premix0.20*Micronutrients
Iodised salt0.25Taste and sodium
Mild malt / vanilla flavour0.30Familiar cereal flavour
Soya lecithin0.15Mixing and mouthfeel
Total100.00

*The 0.20% is a development starting point. The premix supplier must calculate the final inclusion from raw-material assays, processing losses and the SA nutrient targets. It must never be hand-mixed from tablets.

Estimated nutrition (subject to laboratory analysis)

Per 100 g dryExpected
Energy380–395 kcal
Protein14.5–16 g
Fat9–10 g
Dietary fibre6–8 g
Added sugar4 g

A 125 g meal should provide about 480 kcal, 18–20 g protein and 11–13 g fat, mixed with roughly 250–300 ml water (final ratio set by viscosity and consumer testing). The premix targets about 30% of the SA adult / 4+ nutrient reference values per 100 g — so someone eating ~300–350 g across the day approaches the daily target without receiving three excessive "100% NRV" doses.

Why these ingredients

Indicative affordability

StageTarget
Raw ingredients~R11–R14/kg
Processed & packed ex-factory~R18–R24/kg
Large-volume public / NGO procurementR25–R30/kg
125 g meal~R3.10–R3.75

Targets requiring supplier quotations, not firm costs. For comparison: FutureLife ≈ R80 / 750 g; plain instant maize porridge ≈ R22–R30/kg.

Full family-meal specification (Markdown) →

2 · Baby porridge: a 6–59-month complementary food

This is a complementary food for children aged 6–59 months — not infant formula and not a breast-milk replacement. It uses the current UNICEF Super Cereal Plus architecture:

Ingredient%
Extruded maize54.81
Dehulled, heat-treated soya23.49
Skim milk powder8.00
Sugar9.00
Refined vegetable oil3.00
Infant / child vitamin–mineral premix0.20
Dicalcium phosphate1.23
Potassium chloride0.27
Total100.00

UNICEF finished-product targets: at least 400 kcal, 16 g protein and 9 g fat per 100 g.

"Just add water" is not free. UNICEF's standard version still requires 5–10 minutes of simmering. To make the product truly instant it needs more complete starch gelatinisation plus a validated microbial kill step, a mixing test and a shelf-life study. It must not simply be relabelled as instant.

Full 6–59-month complementary-food specification (Markdown) →

3 · Infant formula (0–6 months): a spec, not a recipe

We deliberately do not publish an exact ingredient recipe that someone might manufacture or feed experimentally. A South African study found home-prepared replacement milks failed to meet all infant micronutrient and essential-fat requirements — and powdered formula is not sterile. This should be a manufacturing specification issued to an established infant-formula contract manufacturer.

Nutritional design target (prepared product)

Per 100 kcalProposed targetCodex permitted range
Protein, cow-milk based2.1 g1.8–3.0 g
Fat5.2 g4.4–6.0 g
Available carbohydrate11.2 g9–14 g
Linoleic acidOptimised by oil assayMinimum 300 mg
Alpha-linolenic acidOptimised by oil assayMinimum 50 mg
LA:ALA ratio8–12:15–15:1

Target prepared energy ≈ 67 kcal/100 ml — roughly a powder of 500–510 kcal, 10.5 g protein, 26 g fat, 57 g carbohydrate per 100 g, reconstituted at ~13.2 g powder per 100 ml (exact scoop/dilution set by bulk-density and osmolality testing). The full vitamin, mineral, choline, inositol, carnitine and amino-acid specification must meet the complete Codex table — not merely the macronutrients above.

The non-negotiable safety model. A dedicated infant-formula line: spray drying, environmental Cronobacter and Salmonella control, batch release, traceability, recall capability and shelf-life validation. Powder mixed with water still hot enough to kill organisms in the powder, single-feed preparation, cup feeding, leftovers discarded within two hours (SA IMCI guidance). R991 restricts promotion and mandates Codex compliance, specific warnings and multilingual information — so this is a clinic/procurement product, never an aggressively marketed "smart food." Cutting ingredients or quality control in infant formula is the one place where "poorest possible price" can become lethal.

Full 0–6-month manufacturing specification (Markdown) →

What we rejected, and why

A first design pass (two AI formulator threads, each checked by an independent dietitian-reviewer thread) produced a more elaborate, more expensive product — and the review is why the design above is deliberately plainer. Keeping the rejected path visible is the point:

First pass proposedWhy it was rejected
Soy protein isolate/concentrate in the family mealIsolates are the expensive path. Whole heat-treated soya hits the same amino-acid complementation for mass-feeding cost. Isolate belongs in formula, not a relief ration.
A "last-resort" maize/soya infant-formula variantR991 permits only soya isolate (not soya flour) for infant formula, at a higher protein minimum; a cheap plant formula as default is exactly what the home-replacement-milk evidence warns against. Formula was split out into a contract-manufactured spec instead.
Fortifying every product to ~33% adult NRV per servingApplied to a child audience taking 2–3 servings, this pushes vitamin A and iron toward paediatric upper limits. Retargeted to ~30% per 100 g on a child-inclusive basis.
Empty ingredient/micronutrient tables; "meal replacement" at ~200 kcalUnverifiable and overstated. A water-made serving is a supplementary food; honest positioning and real masses that sum to 100 replaced the marketing frame.

Where the design sits against existing products

ProductBaseDesign lesson
DIY Soylent (People Chow, Schmoylent)Maize/oats + protein isolate + dosed supplementsNutritionally instructive, but isolates and hand-dosed vitamins are too costly and risky for mass feeding.
ProNutro≈67% wholegrain maize, 13% soya, 9% soya isolateThe proven local maize–soya template.
FutureLife Smart foodWhole maize + whole soya + fat powder + soya isolate + rice flour + large premix18 g protein & 10.9 g fat / 100 g — but 15.8 g sugar and imported palm-based fat. We cut sugar to 4 g and use local canola/sunflower oil.
UNICEF Super Cereal (+)Heat-treated maize & soya + vitamins/minerals (+ milk)The closest thing to an anti-poverty product — our template for both the family meal and the baby porridge.

⚖️ Honest scope — what this is and isn't

Sources
  1. People Chow — completefoods.co; Schmoylent — completefoods.co.
  2. FutureLife Smart food ingredients & nutrition — futurelife.co.za; price — PriceCheck.
  3. UNICEF CSB+ specification — unicef.org; Super Cereal Plus specification — unicef.org.
  4. Codex infant-formula standard CXS 72-1981 — FAO/WHO.
  5. SA R991 foodstuffs-for-infants regulations — health.gov.za; SA IMCI infant-feeding guidance — knowledgehub.health.gov.za.
  6. Retail comparators — maize meal Shoprite; instant porridge Shoprite; budget formula PriceCheck.
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